childhood_trauma_ctq
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====== Childhood Trauma (CTQ) ====== | ====== Childhood Trauma (CTQ) ====== | ||
+ | Adult [[start|Lifelines]] participants underwent the [[https:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Background ===== | ||
+ | The physical health consequences of psychosocial adversities may be as substantial as the mental health consequences. A multinational study in 10 countries showed that childhood psychosocial adversities and early-onset mental disorders have independent, | ||
+ | Another multinational study showed a higher effect on myocardial infarction for psychosocial stress (OR 2.67) than for hypertension (OR 1.91), diabetes (OR 2.37) or an unhealthy lifestyle ((Yusuf S et al. (2004) Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. INTERHEART Study Investigators. Lancet 364(9438): | ||
+ | Traumatic childhood events (TCEs) also constitute a key environmental exposure that should be studied in gene-environment interaction studies. It was recently shown that a variant in the MTHFR gene confers a higher risk for recurrence of depression in combination with exposure to TCEs ((Lok A et al. (2013). Interaction between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and traumatic childhood events predicts depression. Transl Psychiatry. 30; | ||
+ | |||
+ | ===== Scoring ===== | ||
+ | |||
+ | The CTQ includes 5 domains with 5 questions each: | ||
+ | * emotional abuse (DCTQ 3, 8, 14, 18, 25) | ||
+ | * emotional neglect (DCTQ 5, 7, 13, 19, 28) | ||
+ | * physical abuse (DCTQ 9, 11, 12, 15, 17) | ||
+ | * physical neglect (DCTQ 1, 2, 4, 6, 26) | ||
+ | * sexual abuse (DCTQ 20, 21, 23, 24, 27) | ||
+ | Additionally there are 3 questions on a minimization/ | ||
+ | Particiants are asked in how far the statements applies to their childhood on a 5-point [[https:// | ||
+ | |||
+ | The CTQ has been validated in terms of psychometric test properties in various populations ((Bernstein DP, Fink L, Handelsman L, Lovejoy M, Wenzel K, Sapareto E, Gurriero J. Initial reliability and validity of a new retrospective measure of child abuse and neglect. Am J Psychiatry 1994; 151: 1132-1136))((Roy CA, Perry JC (2004). Instruments for the assessment of childhood trauma in adults. J Nerv Ment Dis. 192(5): | ||
===== Variables ===== | ===== Variables ===== | ||
- | | **Questions English** | + | | **Questions English** |
- | | When I was growing up I didn't have enough to eat. | Tijdens mijn jeugd had ik niet voldoende te eten. | DCTQ1 | [[2B]] | + | | When I was growing up I didn't have enough to eat. | Tijdens mijn jeugd had ik niet voldoende te eten. | ctq_physicalneglect_adu_q_01 |
- | | When I was growing up I knew that there was someone to take care of me and protect me | Tijdens mijn jeugd wist ik dat er iemand was om voor me te zorgen en me te beschermen. | + | | When I was growing up I knew that there was someone to take care of me and protect me | Tijdens mijn jeugd wist ik dat er iemand was om voor me te zorgen en me te beschermen. |
- | | When I was growing up people in my family called me things like " | + | | When I was growing up people in my family called me things like " |
- | | When I was growing up my parents were too drunk or high to take care of the family | + | | When I was growing up my parents were too drunk or high to take care of the family |
- | | When I was growing up there was someone in my family who helped me feel that I was important or special | + | | When I was growing up there was someone in my family who helped me feel that I was important or special |
- | | When I was growing up I had to wear dirty clothes | + | | When I was growing up I had to wear dirty clothes |
- | | When I was growing up I felt loved | Tijdens mijn jeugd had ik het gevoel dat er van me gehouden werd. | DCTQ7 | [[2B]] | + | | When I was growing up I felt loved | Tijdens mijn jeugd had ik het gevoel dat er van me gehouden werd. | ctq_emotionalneglect_adu_q_07 |
- | | When I was growing up I thought that my parents wished I had never been born | Tijdens mijn jeugd had ik het gevoel dat mijn ouders wensten dat ik nooit geboren was. | DCTQ8 | [[2B]] | + | | When I was growing up I thought that my parents wished I had never been born | Tijdens mijn jeugd had ik het gevoel dat mijn ouders wensten dat ik nooit geboren was. |
- | | When I was growing up I got hit so hard by someone in my family that I had to see a doctor or go to the hospital | + | | When I was growing up I got hit so hard by someone in my family that I had to see a doctor or go to the hospital |
- | | When I was growing up there was nothing I wanted to change about my family. | + | | When I was growing up there was nothing I wanted to change about my family. |
- | | When I was growing up people in my family hit me so hard that it left me with bruises or marks. | + | | When I was growing up people in my family hit me so hard that it left me with bruises or marks. |
- | | When I was growing up I was punished with a belt, a board, a cord, or some other hard object. | + | | When I was growing up I was punished with a belt, a board, a cord, or some other hard object. |
- | | When I was growing up people in my family looked out for each other. | + | | When I was growing up people in my family looked out for each other. |
- | | When I was growing up people in my family said hurtful or insulting things to me. | Tijdens mijn jeugd zeiden mensen in mijn gezin kwetsende of beledigende dingen tegen me. | DCTQ14 | + | | When I was growing up people in my family said hurtful or insulting things to me. | Tijdens mijn jeugd zeiden mensen in mijn gezin kwetsende of beledigende dingen tegen me. |
- | | When I was growing up I believe that I was physically abused. | + | | When I was growing up I believe that I was physically abused. |
- | | When I was growing up I had the perfect childhood. | + | | When I was growing up I had the perfect childhood. |
- | | When I was growing up I got hit or beaten so badly that it was noticed by someone like a teacher, neighbor, or doctor. | + | | When I was growing up I got hit or beaten so badly that it was noticed by someone like a teacher, neighbor, or doctor. |
- | | When I was growing up I felt that someone in my family hated me. | Tijdens mijn jeugd had ik het gevoel dat iemand in mijn gezin me haatte. | + | | When I was growing up I felt that someone in my family hated me. | Tijdens mijn jeugd had ik het gevoel dat iemand in mijn gezin me haatte. |
- | | When I was growing up people in my family felt close to each other. | + | | When I was growing up people in my family felt close to each other. |
- | | When I was growing up someone tried to touch me in a sexual way, or tried to make me touch them. | Tijdens mijn jeugd probeerde iemand mij op een seksuele manier te betasten, of mij ertoe te brengen hem of haar te betasten. | + | | When I was growing up someone tried to touch me in a sexual way, or tried to make me touch them. | Tijdens mijn jeugd probeerde iemand mij op een seksuele manier te betasten, of mij ertoe te brengen hem of haar te betasten. |
- | | When I was growing up someone threatened to hurt me or tell lies about me unless I did something sexual with them. | Tijdens mijn jeugd dreigde iemand me pijn te doen of leugens over me te vertellen als ik niet iets seksueels met hem of haar deed. | DCTQ21 | + | | When I was growing up someone threatened to hurt me or tell lies about me unless I did something sexual with them. | Tijdens mijn jeugd dreigde iemand me pijn te doen of leugens over me te vertellen als ik niet iets seksueels met hem of haar deed. |
- | | When I was growing up I had the best family in the world. | + | | When I was growing up I had the best family in the world. |
- | | When I was growing up someone tried to make me do sexual things or watch sexual things. | + | | When I was growing up someone tried to make me do sexual things or watch sexual things. |
- | | When I was growing up someone molested me. | Tijdens mijn jeugd ben ik door iemand gemolesteerd. | + | | When I was growing up someone molested me. | Tijdens mijn jeugd ben ik door iemand gemolesteerd. |
- | | When I was growing up I believe that I was emotionally abused. | + | | When I was growing up I believe that I was emotionally abused. |
- | | When I was growing up there was someone to take me to the doctor if I needed it. | Tijdens mijn jeugd was er iemand die me naar de dokter bracht als dat nodig was. | DCTQ26 | + | | When I was growing up there was someone to take me to the doctor if I needed it. | Tijdens mijn jeugd was er iemand die me naar de dokter bracht als dat nodig was. |
- | | When I was growing up I believe that I was sexually abused. | + | | When I was growing up I believe that I was sexually abused. |
- | | When I was growing up my family was a source of strength and support. | + | | When I was growing up my family was a source of strength and support. |
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