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autq [2022/05/18 11:47]
trynke [Table]
autq [2023/12/12 11:46] (current)
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 The Autistic Traits questionnaire is an [[additional assessments|additional assessment]] among adult [[cohort|Lifelines]] participants.\\ The Autistic Traits questionnaire is an [[additional assessments|additional assessment]] among adult [[cohort|Lifelines]] participants.\\
 The digital questionnaire was developed at the initiative of the [[https://​www.autismresearchcentre.com|Autism Research Center]] of Cambridge University (UK), in collaboration with the [[https://​www.sarr.nl|Sarr (Parnassia group)]] in Rotterdam (NL).\\ The digital questionnaire was developed at the initiative of the [[https://​www.autismresearchcentre.com|Autism Research Center]] of Cambridge University (UK), in collaboration with the [[https://​www.sarr.nl|Sarr (Parnassia group)]] in Rotterdam (NL).\\
-The questionnaire consists of the [[autism spectrum (AQ-10)|10-item]] adult version of the [[https://​en.wikipedia.org/​wiki/​Autism-spectrum_quotient|Autism Spectrum Quotient]], plus some additional questions about participants'​ experience with [[informal care]] in general, and informal care of [[https://​en.wikipedia.org/​wiki/​Autism_spectrum|autism spectrum disorder (ASD)]] patients in particular.+The questionnaire consists of the [[autism spectrum (AQ-10)|10-item]] adult version of the [[https://​en.wikipedia.org/​wiki/​Autism-spectrum_quotient|Autism Spectrum Quotient]] ​(([[https://​doi.org/​10.1023/​a:​1005653411471|Baron-Cohen S, Wheelwright S, Skinner R, Martin J, Clubley E. The autism-spectrum quotient (AQ): evidence from Asperger syndrome/​high-functioning autism, males and females, scientists and mathematicians. J Autism Dev Disord. 2001 Feb;​31(1):​5-17. doi: 10.1023/​a:​1005653411471. Erratum in: J Autism Dev Disord 2001 Dec;​31(6):​603. PMID: 11439754]])), plus some additional questions about participants'​ experience with [[informal care]] in general, and informal care of [[https://​en.wikipedia.org/​wiki/​Autism_spectrum|autism spectrum disorder (ASD)]] patients in particular. 
 + 
 +The Autistic Traits variables are available for use for all researchers and can be requested through the catalogue.  
 + 
 +When the AUTQ data has been used in your research, you will have to include the following reference:​ 
 +  * [[https://​doi.org/​10.1038/​s41467-020-17794-1|Warrier,​ V., Greenberg, D.M., Weir, E. et al. Elevated rates of autism, other neurodevelopmental and psychiatric diagnoses, and autistic traits in transgender and gender-diverse individuals. Nat Commun 11, 3959 (2020). https://​doi.org/​10.1038/​s41467-020-17794-1]]  
 + 
 +Specifically,​ when the AQ has been used in your research, you will have to include the following reference:​ 
 +  * [[https://​10.1023/​a:​1005653411471|Baron-Cohen S, Wheelwright S, Skinner R, Martin J, Clubley E. The autism-spectrum quotient (AQ): evidence from Asperger syndrome/​high-functioning autism, males and females, scientists and mathematicians. J Autism Dev Disord. 2001 Feb;​31(1):​5-17. doi: 10.1023/​a:​1005653411471. Erratum in: J Autism Dev Disord 2001 Dec;​31(6):​603. PMID: 11439754.]] ​
  
 ===== Protocol & response ===== ===== Protocol & response =====
  
-The digital questionnaire was sent out between ​september ​and december ​2019.\\ +The digital questionnaire was sent out between ​july and november ​2019.\\ 
-~110,000 adult Lifelines participants received the questionnaire,​ of which ~38,000 participants (35%) responded.+~110,000 adult Lifelines participants received the questionnaire,​ of which ~39,000 participants (35%) responded.
  
 ===== Variables ===== ===== Variables =====
  
 The questionnaire consisted mainly of the [[Autism spectrum (AQ-10)|Autism Spectrum Quotient]].\\ The questionnaire consisted mainly of the [[Autism spectrum (AQ-10)|Autism Spectrum Quotient]].\\
-In addition, non-binary [[sex & gender|gender]] was assessed.\\ 
    
-The following additional questions were asked about autism spectrum disorder+The following additional questions were asked about Autism Spectrum Disorder
-| **Questions English** ​                                                        ​| **Questions Dutch** ​                                                                                      ​| **Code** ​                     | **Variable** ​ | **Assessment** ​ | **Age** ​ | +| **Questions English** ​                                                                                      ​| **Questions Dutch** ​                                                                                    ​| **Code** ​                     | **Variable** ​ | **Assessment** ​ | **Age** ​ | 
-| Are you diagnosed with autism? ​                                               | Is bij u autisme vastgesteld? ​                                                                            ​| autism_diagnosis_adu_q_2 ​     | AUTISME11 ​    | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | +| Are you diagnosed with autism? ​                                                                             | Is bij u autisme vastgesteld? ​                                                                          ​| autism_diagnosis_adu_q_2 ​     | AUTISME11 ​    | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | 
-| In what year where you diagnosed with autism? ​                                ​| In welk jaar is autisme bij u vastgesteld? ​                                                               | autism_diagnosis_adu_q_2_a ​   | AUTISME12 ​    | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | +| In what year where you diagnosed with autism? ​                                                              ​| In welk jaar is autisme bij u vastgesteld? ​                                                             | autism_diagnosis_adu_q_2_a ​   | AUTISME12 ​    | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | 
-| Do you have a biological first-degree relative who is diagnosed with autism? ​ | Hebt u eerstegraads bloedverwanten (kinderen, ouders ​of broers/​zussen) bij wie autisme is\\ vastgesteld? ​ | autism_diagnosis_fam_q_1_a-e ​ | AUTISME13A-E ​ | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | +| Do you have a biological first-degree relative ​(children, parents, siblings) ​who is diagnosed with autism? ​ | Hebt u eerstegraads bloedverwanten (kinderen, oudersbroers/​zussen) bij wie autisme is\\ vastgesteld? ​ | autism_diagnosis_fam_q_1_a-e ​ | AUTISME13A-E ​ | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      |
- +
-Furthermore,​ some questions were asked about informal care, in addition to 2 basic [[informal care]] questions:​ +
-  +
-| **Questions English** ​                                                                                                                                                                                                              | **Questions Dutch** ​                                                                                                                                                                                                    | **Code** ​                          | **Variable** ​    | **Assessment** ​ | **Age** ​ | +
-| Since when do you give informal care to your partner / father / mother / father-in-law / mother-in-law /son / daughter / son-in-law / daughter-in-law / brother / sister / friend/​acquaintance / neighbour / someone else? (month) ​ | Vanaf wanneer geeft u mantelzorg aan uw partner / vader / moeder / schoonvader / schoonmoeder / zoon / dochter / schoonzoon / schoondochter / broer / zus / vriend/​kennis / buurman/​buurvrouw / iemand anders? (maand) ​ | care_start_adu_q_1_a1-a14 ​         | INFCARE3A1-14 ​   | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | +
-| Since when do you give informal care to [this person]? (year) ​                                                                                                                                                                      | Vanaf wanneer geeft u mantelzorg aan [deze persoon]? (jaar) ​                                                                                                                                                            | care_start_adu_q_1_b1-b14 ​         | INFCARE3B1-14 ​   | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | +
-| can you indicate with a number between '0 to 100' how much of a burden it is to provide informal care to [this person]? The closer to '0 ', the less of a burden you think it is.                                                   | kunt u aangeven met een getal tussen '0 tot 100' hoe zwaar u het vindt om mantelzorg aan [deze persoon] te geven? 0 geeft aan dat u het geven van mantelzorg totaal niet zwaar vindt                                    | care_burden_adu_q_1_a1-a14 ​        | INFCARE5A-N ​     | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | +
-| was there a period in which you could not do your normal duties (e.g. work, school, household) because you were providing care for [this person]? ​                                                                                  | hebt u een periode niet uw gebruikelijke taken (bijv. werk, school, huishouden) kunnen doen doordat u voor [deze persoon] zorgde? ​                                                                                      | care_burden_adu_q_1_b1-b14 ​        | AUTISME14A-N ​    | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | +
-| how much time do you need on average to care for [this person]? ​                                                                                                                                                                    | hoeveel tijd hebt u gemiddeld nodig om voor [deze persoon] te zorgen? ​                                                                                                                                                  | care_time_adu_q_a1-a14 ​            | AUTISME15A-N ​    | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | +
-| (Beginning) dementia/​memory problems / what is the cause of the need for help of [this person]? ​                                                                                                                                    | (Beginnende) dementie/​geheugenproblemen / Wat is de oorzaak van de hulpbehoefte van [deze persoon]? ​                                                                                                                    | recipient_cause_adu_q_1_a1-a14 ​    | INFCARE14A1-A14 ​ | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | +
-| Mental problems / what is the cause of the need for help of [this person]? ​                                                                                                                                                         | Psychische problemen / Wat is de oorzaak van de hulpbehoefte van [deze persoon]? ​                                                                                                                                       | recipient_cause_adu_q_1_b1-b14 ​    | INFCARE14B1-B14 ​ | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | +
-| Physical problems / what is the cause of the need for help of [this person]? ​                                                                                                                                                       | Lichamelijke problemen / Wat is de oorzaak van de hulpbehoefte van [deze persoon]? ​                                                                                                                                     | recipient_cause_adu_q_1_c1-c14 ​    | INFCARE14C1-C14 ​ | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | +
-| Mental disability / what is the cause of the need for help of [this person]? ​                                                                                                                                                       | Verstandelijke handicap / Wat is de oorzaak van de hulpbehoefte van [deze persoon]? ​                                                                                                                                    | recipient_cause_adu_q_1_d1-d14 ​    | INFCARE14D1-D14 ​ | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | +
-| Behavioural problems / what is the cause of the need for help of [this person]? ​                                                                                                                                                    | Gedragsproblemen / Wat is de oorzaak van de hulpbehoefte van [deze persoon]? ​                                                                                                                                           | recipient_cause_adu_q_1_e1-e14 ​    | INFCARE14E1-E14 ​ | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | +
-| Other / what is the cause of the need for help of [this person]? ​                                                                                                                                                                   | Anders / Wat is de oorzaak van de hulpbehoefte van [deze persoon]? ​                                                                                                                                                     | recipient_cause_adu_q_1_f1-f14 ​    | INFCARE14F1-F14 ​ | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | +
-| Diabetes / which disease or disorder was the cause of the care requirements of [this person]? ​                                                                                                                                      | Suikerziekte / door welke ziekten en/of aandoeningen is de hulpbehoefte bij [deze persoon] veroorzaakt? ​                                                                                                                | recipient_disorder_adu_q_1_a1-a14 ​ | INFCARE15A1-A14 ​ | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | +
-| (Effects of) a stroke, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, TIA / which disease or disorder was the cause of the care requirements of [this person]? ​                                                                          | (Gevolgen van) beroerte, hersenbloeding,​ herseninfarct of TIA / door welke ziekten en/of aandoeningen is de hulpbehoefte bij [deze persoon] veroorzaakt? ​                                                               | recipient_disorder_adu_q_1_b1-b14 ​ | INFCARE15B1-B14 ​ | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | +
-| Heart failure / which disease or disorder was the cause of the care requirements of [this person]? ​                                                                                                                                 | Hartfalen / door welke ziekten en/of aandoeningen is de hulpbehoefte bij [deze persoon] veroorzaakt? ​                                                                                                                   | recipient_disorder_adu_q_1_c1-c14 ​ | INFCARE15C1-C14 ​ | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | +
-| Cancer (malignancy) / which disease or disorder was the cause of the care requirements of [this person]? ​                                                                                                                           | Een vorm van kanker (kwaadaardige aandoening) / door welke ziekten en/of aandoeningen is de hulpbehoefte bij [deze persoon] veroorzaakt? ​                                                                               | recipient_disorder_adu_q_1_d1-d14 ​ | INFCARE15D1-D14 ​ | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | +
-| Asthma, chronic bronchitis, lung emphysema, COPD / which disease or disorder was the cause of the care requirements of [this person]? ​                                                                                              | Astma, chronische bronchitis, longemfyseem of CARA/COPD / door welke ziekten en/of aandoeningen is de hulpbehoefte bij [deze persoon] veroorzaakt? ​                                                                     | recipient_disorder_adu_q_1_e1-e14 ​ | INFCARE15E1-E14 ​ | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | +
-| Depression / which disease or disorder was the cause of the care requirements of [this person]? ​                                                                                                                                    | Depressie / door welke ziekten en/of aandoeningen is de hulpbehoefte bij [deze persoon] veroorzaakt? ​                                                                                                                   | recipient_disorder_adu_q_1_m1-m14 ​ | INFCARE15M1-M14 ​ | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | +
-| Anxiety or panic disorder / which disease or disorder was the cause of the care requirements of [this person]? ​                                                                                                                     | Angst-/​paniekstoornis / door welke ziekten en/of aandoeningen is de hulpbehoefte bij [deze persoon] veroorzaakt? ​                                                                                                       | recipient_disorder_adu_q_1_n1-n14 ​ | INFCARE15N1-N14 ​ | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | +
-| Dementia / which disease or disorder was the cause of the care requirements of [this person]? ​                                                                                                                                      | Dementie / door welke ziekten en/of aandoeningen is de hulpbehoefte bij [deze persoon] veroorzaakt? ​                                                                                                                    | recipient_disorder_adu_q_1_o1-o14 ​ | INFCARE15O1-O14 ​ | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | +
-| Kidney disease / which disease or disorder was the cause of the care requirements of [this person]? ​                                                                                                                                | Nierziekte / door welke ziekten en/of aandoeningen is de hulpbehoefte bij [deze persoon] veroorzaakt? ​                                                                                                                  | recipient_disorder_adu_q_1_u1-u14 ​ | INFCARE15U1-U14 ​ | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | +
-| Autism/​Autism spectrum disorder / which disease or disorder was the cause of the care requirements of [this person]? ​                                                                                                               | Autisme/​autisme spectrum stoornis / door welke ziekten en/of aandoeningen is de hulpbehoefte bij [deze persoon] veroorzaakt? ​                                                                                           | recipient_disorder_adu_q_1_v1-v14 ​ | INFCARE15V1-V14 ​ | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | +
-| Rheumatism/​joint problems / which disease or disorder was the cause of the care requirements of [this person]? ​                                                                                                                     | Reuma/​gewrichtsklachten / door welke ziekten en/of aandoeningen is de hulpbehoefte bij [deze persoon] veroorzaakt? ​                                                                                                     | recipient_disorder_adu_q_1_w1-w14 ​ | INFCARE15W1-W14 ​ | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      | +
-| Other / which disease or disorder was the cause of the care requirements of [this person]? ​                                                                                                                                         | Anders / door welke ziekten en/of aandoeningen is de hulpbehoefte bij [deze persoon] veroorzaakt? ​                                                                                                                      | recipient_disorder_adu_q_1_t1-t14 ​ | INFCARE15T1-T14 ​ | [[AUTQ]] ​       | 18+      |+
  
 +In addition, non-binary [[sex & gender|gender]] was assessed.\\
 +Furthermore,​ some questions were asked about [[informal care]].
  
 +===== Publications =====
  
 +The following publications included results from AUTQ:
 +  * Warrier, V. et al (2020). Elevated rates of autism, other neurodevelopmental and psychiatric diagnoses, and autistic traits in transgender and gender-diverse individuals. Nat Commun 11, 3959
 +  * Warreman E.B. et al. (2023) [[https://​journals.sagepub.com/​doi/​10.1177/​13623613231155324|Psychological,​ behavioural and biological factors associated with gastrointestinal symptoms in autistic adults and adults with autistic traits]]. Autism 27(7):​2173-2186
 +  * Warreman E.B. et al. (2023) [[https://​www.sciencedirect.com/​science/​article/​pii/​S2589537023003887?​via%3Dihub|Psychological,​ behavioural,​ and physical aspects of caregiver strain in autism-caregivers:​ a cohort study]]. EClinicalMedicine 64:​102211. ​
  
autq.1652867242.txt.gz · Last modified: 2022/05/18 11:47 by trynke