====== Long-term Difficulties Inventory (LDI) ====== The Long-term Difficulties Inventory (LDI)((Van Eck M, Berkhof H, Nicolson N, Sulon J (1996). The effects of perceived stress, traits, mood states, and stressful daily events on salivary cortisol. Psychosomatic Medicine 58, 447–458.)) is a self-report questionnaire to measure long-term difficulties ([[sections|section]]: [[mental health]]). It consists of 12 items referring to aspects of life, including housing, work, social relationships, free time, finances, health, school/study, and religion.\\ Note that stress is also assessed in Lifelines using the [[stress (LTE)|List of Threatening Experiences]]. \\ [[stress_sum_scores|A sum score and suspiciousness flag]] for the LDI is available for use. ==== Background and Validation ==== Respondents have to indicate for each aspect how they experienced these aspects with respect to difficulty and stress in the last 12 months, on a three-point scale: ^ Answer ^ Score | | Not stressful | 0 | | Slightly stressful | 1 | | Very stressful | 2 | Item scores are summed to derive a total score((Hendriks A.A.J., Ormel J., van de Willige G. Long-term difficulties measured by a self-report questionnaire and semi-structured interview: a comparison of methods [in Dutch]. Gedrag en Gezondheid 1990 18, 273-283)). **Construct validity** of the LDI was indicated by the positive association between the LDI scored (12 months) and: * Psychological distress * Mental health problems * Neuroticism The validation and the reliability of the LDI was performed in a study by Rosmalen et al.((Rosmalen J.G.M., Bos E.H., de Jonge P. Validation of the Long-term Difficulties Inventory (LDI) and the List of Threatening Experiences (LTE) as measures of stress in epidemiological population-based cohort studies. Psychological Medicine, Available on CJO 2012 doi: 10.1017/S0033291712000608)) ===== Variables ===== The following variables from the LDI are collected in Lifelines. The same question is asked in relation to the above-mentioned aspects of the LDI, this question is: ^ English ^ Dutch | | In the past year, to what extent did you experience difficulties and stress related to this aspect of your life? | In welke mate hebt u afgelopen jaar moeilijkheden en stress ervaren met betrekking tot dit aspect van het leven? | The following aspects in combination with the questions are described below: | **Label English** | **Label Dutch** | **Code** | **Variable** | **Assessment** | **Age** | | home and living (e.g. accommodation too small, could not find a home, noise) | woning en wonen (bv. te kleine behuizing, kon geen woning vinden, lawaai) | ldi_housing_adu_q_01 | gllm1 | [[1A Questionnaire 2|1A]] [[1B]] [[1C]] [[2A Questionnaire 1|2A]] [[3B]] [[ACTQ]] [[MHDQ]] | 18+ | | at or with work (e.g. too demanding, conflicts with boss, (imminent) dismissal) | op en met het werk (bv. te veeleisend, conflicten met chef, (dreigend) ontslag) | ldi_work_adu_q_02 | gllm2 | [[1A Questionnaire 2|1A]] [[1B]] [[1C]] [[2A Questionnaire 1|2A]] [[3B]] [[ACTQ]] [[MHDQ]] | 18+ | | relationship with friends or acquaintances (e.g. quarrels, lack of support) | relatie met vrienden of goede kennissen (bv. ruzies, te weinig steun) | ldi_friends_adu_q_03 | gllm3 | [[1A Questionnaire 2|1A]] [[1B]] [[1C]] [[2A Questionnaire 1|2A]] [[3B]] [[ACTQ]] [[MHDQ]] | 18+ | | relationship with your partner (e.g. jealousy, conflicts, doubt about the relationship, quarrels) | uw partnerrelatie (bv. jaloezie, conflicten, twijfel aan relatie, ruzies) | ldi_partner_adu_q_04 | gllm4 | [[1A Questionnaire 2|1A]] [[1B]] [[1C]] [[2A Questionnaire 1|2A]] [[3B]] [[ACTQ]] [[MHDQ]] | 18+ | | relationship with your children (e.g. frequent conflicts, lack of respect for you) | relatie met uw kinderen (bv. vaak conflicten, weinig respect voor u tonen) | ldi_children_adu_q_05 | gllm5 | [[1A Questionnaire 2|1A]] [[1B]] [[1C]] [[2A Questionnaire 1|2A]] [[3B]] [[ACTQ]] [[MHDQ]] | 18+ | | relationship with your parents (e.g. frequent conflicts, lack of acceptance) | relatie met uw ouders (bv. regelmatig conflicten, gebrek aan acceptatie) | ldi_parents_adu_q_06 | gllm6 | [[1A Questionnaire 2|1A]] [[1B]] [[1C]] [[2A Questionnaire 1|2A]] [[3B]] [[ACTQ]] [[MHDQ]] | 18+ | | relationship with other relatives (e.g. conflicts, lack of acceptance) | relaties met andere familieleden (bv. conflicten, gebrek aan acceptatie) | ldi_relatives_adu_q_07 | gllm7 | [[1A Questionnaire 2|1A]] [[1B]] [[1C]] [[2A Questionnaire 1|2A]] [[3B]] [[ACTQ]] [[MHDQ]] | 18+ | | free time (e.g. too little or too much free time) | vrije tijd (bv. te weinig, te veel vrije tijd) | ldi_freetime_adu_q_08 | gllm8 | [[1A Questionnaire 2|1A]] [[1B]] [[1C]] [[2A Questionnaire 1|2A]] [[3B]] [[ACTQ]] [[MHDQ]] | 18+ | | finances (e.g. major debts, insufficient income) | financiën (bv. grote schulden, ontoereikend inkomen) | ldi_finance_adu_q_09 | gllm9 | [[1A Questionnaire 2|1A]] [[1B]] [[1C]] [[2A Questionnaire 1|2A]] [[3B]] [[ACTQ]] [[MHDQ]] | 18+ | | your health (e.g. regularly ill, longer-term disorders) | uw gezondheid (bv. regelmatig ziekelijk, langerdurende ziekten) | ldi_health_adu_q_10 | gllm10 | [[3B]] [[ACTQ]] [[MHDQ]] | 18+ | | school/study (too difficult, cannot be combined with other tasks) | school/studie (bv. te zwaar, niet te combineren met andere taken) | ldi_school_adu_q_11 | gllm11 | [[3B]] [[ACTQ]] [[MHDQ]] | 18+ | | faith, church or religion (e.g. doubt, conflicts with your minister) | geloof, kerk of godsdienst (bv. twijfel, conflicten met dominee) | ldi_religion_adu_q_12 | gllm12 | [[3B]] [[ACTQ]] [[MHDQ]] | 18+ |