====== Sleepiness (ESS) ======

The [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epworth_Sleepiness_Scale|Epworth Sleepiness Scale]] is a scale intended to measure daytime sleepiness by use of a very short questionnaire ([[sections|section]]: [[Lifestyle & environment]]). This can be helpful in diagnosing sleep disorders.\\
Lifelines used the ESS to assess sleepiness in adults during follow-up questionnaire [[1C]].\\
Note that in Lifelines, sleep is also assessed with some [[Sleep (general)|general questions]] as well as with the [[Sleep quality (PSQI)|Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index]], the [[Chronotype (MCTQ)|Munich ChronoType Questionnaire]], the [[Chronotype (CSM)|Composite Score of Morningness]] and the [[Sleep reduction (CSRQ)|Chronic Sleep Reduction Questionnaire]].\\
Several [[Sleep indices (PSQI, MCTQ, ESS)|sum scores]] on sleeping behaviours are available for use.

| **Questions English**                                                                                                                                                           | **Questions Dutch**                                                                                                                                                                                                                          | **Code**                     | **Variable**  | **Assessment**  | **Age**  |
| Sitting and reading / How likely are you to doze off or fall asleep in the following situations, in contrast to feeling just tired?                                             | Wanneer u rustig zit te lezen (krant of boek) / Hoe groot is de kans dat u in de volgende situaties zal indutten? (betrekking op de afgelopen maand)                                                                                         | ess_reading_adu_q_1_a        | SLEEP11A      | [[1C]]          | 18+      |
| Watching television / How likely are you to doze off or fall asleep in the following situations, in contrast to feeling just tired?                                             | Wanneer u tv kijkt/ Hoe groot is de kans dat u in de volgende situaties zal indutten? (betrekking op de afgelopen maand)                                                                                                                     | ess_television_adu_q_1_b     | SLEEP11B      | [[1C]]          | 18+      |
| Sitting inactive in a public place (e.g. a theater or meeting) / How likely are you to doze off or fall asleep in the following situations, in contrast to feeling just tired?  | Wanneer u niet actief in een openbare ruimte zit (bijv. in een theater of op een bijeenkomst)/ Hoe groot is de kans dat u in de volgende situaties zal indutten? (betrekking op de afgelopen maand)                                          | ess_publicspace_adu_q_1_c    | SLEEP11C      | [[1C]]          | 18+      |
| As a passenger in a car for an hour without a break / How likely are you to doze off or fall asleep in the following situations, in contrast to feeling just tired?             | Als passagier tijdens een autorit van een uur (zonder te stoppen)/ Hoe groot is de kans dat u in de volgende situaties zal indutten? (betrekking op de afgelopen maand)                                                                      | ess_passenger_adu_q_1_d      | SLEEP11D      | [[1C]]          | 18+      |
| Lying down to rest in the afternoon when circumstances permit / How likely are you to doze off or fall asleep in the following situations, in contrast to feeling just tired?   | Als u s middags de kans krijgt even te gaan rusten/ Hoe groot is de kans dat u in de volgende situaties zal indutten? (betrekking op de afgelopen maand)                                                                                     | ess_afternoonrest_adu_q_1_e  | SLEEP11E      | [[1C]]          | 18+      |
| Sitting and talking to someone / How likely are you to doze off or fall asleep in the following situations, in contrast to feeling just tired?                                  | Wanneer u met iemand zit te praten/ Hoe groot is de kans dat u in de volgende situaties zal indutten? (betrekking op de afgelopen maand)                                                                                                     | ess_conversation_adu_q_1_f   | SLEEP11F      | [[1C]]          | 18+      |
| Sitting quietly after a lunch without alcohol / How likely are you to doze off or fall asleep in the following situations, in contrast to feeling just tired?                   | Wanneer u na de lunch nog even rustig blijft zitten/ Hoe groot is de kans dat u in de volgende situaties zal indutten? (betrekking op de afgelopen maand)                                                                                    | ess_afterlunch_adu_q_1_g     | SLEEP11G      | [[1C]]          | 18+      |
| In a car, while stopped for a few minutes in the traffic / How likely are you to doze off or fall asleep in the following situations, in contrast to feeling just tired?        | Bij het besturen van een auto, wanneer u gedurende een paar minuten stilstaat in het verkeer (bijv. in de file of voor een stoplicht)/ Hoe groot is de kans dat u in de volgende situaties zal indutten? (betrekking op de afgelopen maand)  | ess_driving_adu_q_1_h        | SLEEP11H      | [[1C]]          | 18+      |