====== Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness (BHQ) ====== The Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness Questionnaire (BHQ) aims to assess bronchial hyperresponsiveness in patients with asthma ([[sections|section]]: [[diseases & symptoms]]). It is implemented in the [[start|Lifelines]] cohort to assess bronchial hyperresponsiveness in the general population.\\ Note that respiratory symptoms were also assessed using the [[respiratory problems (ELON)|ELON]] instrument and several [[respiratory problems (general)|general questions]]. [[Respiratory diseases]] are also assessed. ===== Background ===== BHQ is a 34-item condition-specific questionnaire including 15 questions on respiratory symptoms and 19 on provoking stimuli during the past three months. Each question is scored on a 7-point Likert scale ranging from no complaints (1) to severe complaints (7).\\ The questionnaire was originally developed in Dutch and was translated in English. It was developed based on a literature review (English), in-depth interviews (Dutch), and a focus group discussion (Dutch) with asthma patients. The questionnaire was based on the PC20-histamine test as the gold standard. Factor analysis was conducted to identify clusters of interrelated questionnaire items. Spearman rank correlation tests were performed to investigate the relation between PC20-histamine levels and the item results ((Riemersma et al. (2009) Development of a questionnaire for the assessment of bronchial hyperresponsiveness. Primary Care Respiratory Medicine 18(4): 287–293)). ===== Variables ===== | **Questions English** | **Questions Dutch** | | **Variable** | **Assessment** | | To what extent have you been affected by the following complaints in the past three months? | in welke mate heeft u de afgelopen drie maanden last gehad van onderstaande klachten | | | | | Breathlessness. | Benauwdheid | bhq_symptoms_adu_q_01 | BHQ1 | [[1C]] | | Sleep problems caused by breathlessness. | Slaapproblemen door benauwdheid | bhq_symptoms_adu_q_02 | BHQ2 | [[1C]] | | Shortness of breath. | Kortademigheid | bhq_symptoms_adu_q_03 | BHQ3 | [[1C]] | | Airway complaints when walking briskly or walking uphill. | Luchtwegklachten bij lopen in stevige wandelpas of heuvel op | bhq_symptoms_adu_q_04 | BHQ4 | [[1C]] | | Sensation of pressure on the chest. | Gevoel van een band of druk op de borst | bhq_symptoms_adu_q_05 | BHQ5 | [[1C]] | | Chest tightness. | Beklemmend gevoel | bhq_symptoms_adu_q_06 | BHQ6 | [[1C]] | | Pain in the chest. | Pijn op de borst | bhq_symptoms_adu_q_07 | BHQ7 | [[1C]] | | Inability to breathe deeply. | Niet diep kunnen inademen | bhq_symptoms_adu_q_08 | BHQ8 | [[1C]] | | Breathing consciously and with difficulty. | Bewust en met moeite ademen | bhq_symptoms_adu_q_09 | BHQ9 | [[1C]] | | Throat closing up. | Dichtslaan | bhq_symptoms_adu_q_10 | BHQ10 | [[1C]] | | Wheezing. | Piepende ademhaling | bhq_symptoms_adu_q_11 | BHQ11 | [[1C]] | | Panting. | Hijgen | bhq_symptoms_adu_q_12 | BHQ12 | [[1C]] | | Hoarseness. | Heesheid | bhq_symptoms_adu_q_13 | BHQ13 | [[1C]] | | Palpitation or fast heart rate. | Hartkloppingen of snelle pols | bhq_symptoms_adu_q_14 | BHQ14 | [[1C]] | | Hyperventilation or fast breathing. | Hyperventilatie of snelle ademhaling | bhq_symptoms_adu_q_15 | BHQ15 | [[1C]] | | To what extent have the following odors, substances or situations caused you airway complaints in the past three months? | Bij welke van de onderstaande luchtjes, stoffen of situaties krijgt u klachten van uw luchtwegen? | | | | | Cat. | Kat | bhq_stimuli_adu_q_16 | BHQ16 | [[1C]] | | Rodents, such as rabbit, quinea pig, hamster. | Knaagdieren, zoals konijn, cavia, hamster | bhq_stimuli_adu_q_17 | BHQ17 | [[1C]] | | Household dust. | Huisstof | bhq_stimuli_adu_q_18 | BHQ18 | [[1C]] | | Mould. | Schimmel | bhq_stimuli_adu_q_19 | BHQ19 | [[1C]] | | Wool (for example in clothing). | Wol, bijvoorbeeld in kleding | bhq_stimuli_adu_q_20 | BHQ20 | [[1C]] | | Down pillow/duvet. | Donzen kussen/dekbed | bhq_stimuli_adu_q_21 | BHQ21 | [[1C]] | | Grass or hay. | Gras of hooi | bhq_stimuli_adu_q_22 | BHQ22 | [[1C]] | | Pollen. | Pollen of stuifmeel | bhq_stimuli_adu_q_23 | BHQ23 | [[1C]] | | Trees, such as birch, poplar, elm, pine, willow catkins. | Bomen, zoals berk, populier, iep, den, wilgekatjes | bhq_stimuli_adu_q_24 | BHQ24 | [[1C]] | | Dusty space. | Stoffige ruimte | bhq_stimuli_adu_q_25 | BHQ25 | [[1C]] | | Moist space indoors, for example an old cellar. | Vochtige ruimte binnenshuis, bijvoorbeeld oude kelder | bhq_stimuli_adu_q_26 | BHQ26 | [[1C]] | | Fog. | Mist | bhq_stimuli_adu_q_27 | BHQ27 | [[1C]] | | Change from warm to cold environment. | Overgang van warme naar koude omgeving | bhq_stimuli_adu_q_28 | BHQ28 | [[1C]] | | Change of weather. | Verandering van weertype | bhq_stimuli_adu_q_29 | BHQ29 | [[1C]] | | Scent of building materials. | Lucht van bouwstoffen | bhq_stimuli_adu_q_30 | BHQ30 | [[1C]] | | Scent of petrol. | Petroleumlucht of olielucht | bhq_stimuli_adu_q_31 | BHQ31 | [[1C]] | | Scent of ammonia. | Ammoniakgeur | bhq_stimuli_adu_q_32 | BHQ32 | [[1C]] | | Lavatory air freshener. | Wc-verfrisser | bhq_stimuli_adu_q_33 | BHQ33 | [[1C]] | | Hair spray. | Haarlak | bhq_stimuli_adu_q_34 | BHQ34 | [[1C]] |