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--- urine_samples [2019/09/04 16:30]
trynke
+++ urine_samples [2023/03/22 09:02] (current)
kevin
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-====== Urine samples ======
+====== Urine Samples ======
-All participants participating in [[1A Visit 2]] and [[2A Visit 2]] handed in urine samples that they collected themselves in a urine container.
+Participants were instructed to collect their urine on the day before their blood was due to be drawn as this provides the possibility to correlate the results between the [[blood_analyses|blood-]] and [[urine_analyses|urine diagnostic tests]]. To facilitate urine collection each participant is provided with a [[https://www.bd.com/en-us/products-and-solutions/products/product-families/bd-vacutainer-complete-urine-collection-kits#productsaccessories|BD Vacutainer®]] 3-liter urine collection container (or equivalent).
-A subset of urine samples were immediately used for standard [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clinical_urine_tests|urinalysis]]. The remaining samples were placed into long term [[urine samples storage|storage]] for future analyses.
-===== Sample types =====
+===== Current Study Protocol =====
-Depending on the participant, one of the following urine samples were collected:
+Please note that the text below describes the procedures as they are employed during the ongoing [[3A|third]] assessment. The [[1A|baseline]]- and [[2A|second]] assessments differ in various ways, and Lifelines recommends consulting their respective wiki pages to learn more about the procedures employed at those times.
-  * A **24-hour urine sample** is a standard urine collection protocol for adults. Urine is collected in a special container over a full 24-hour period.
-  * A **timed overnight urine sample** is collected from underage participants. Urine was collected during a 12-hour period, starting from 8pm the night before until 8am of the morning of the Lifelines visit.\\
-  * A **first morning urine sample** is the most concentrated and the most likely to detect abnormalities. Participants emptied their bladder before lying down to sleep, did not urinate during the night, and collected one to two ounces of their first urine from the first urination in the morning in a clean container. The first 60.000 adult participants of assessment [[1A]] handed in a first morning sample, but this practice was discontinued as it was experienced as inconvenient.
-Participants were instructed to keep the urine sample cool and to return it to Lifelines within 24 hours after collection is completed.\\
+===== Sample Collection =====
-{{:20181205_104431.jpg?200|}}
-{{:20131219_141649.jpg?200|}}
+Adult participants were instructed to collect their urine over a full 24-hour period (22:00-22:00) as these samples are considered the "gold standard" to determine conditions such as albuminuria (Gansevoort RT et al. 2006(([[https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16936069/|Evaluation of measures of urinary albumin excretion]]))) and assessing kidney function.\\
+Underage participants (ages 8–17) were instructed to collect their urine over a 12-hour period (20:00-08:00) because of the inconvenience posed by the 3-liter containers.\\
+Participants were instructed to store their containers at room temperature during the sample collection procedure.
-Aliquoting the urine sample. An aliquot is a fraction( 900ųl) of a specimen.
+===== Sample Transport =====
-Two different types of urine sampling:
-  - Aliquot plain sample
-  - Aliquot sample [[24-h_urine_samples[[EDTA/Ascorbic Acid suspension||EDTA/Asc.acid suspension]]]] added.
-{{:20131219_141743.jpg?200 |}}
+Participants are instructed to take the urine container with them to their [[3a_visit_2|second appointment]] when their blood is due to be drawn. Lifelines places the containers in a non-chilled transport box. The temperatures in these boxes are continuously monitored ([[logtag|LogTag TRIX-8]]) as part of our [[sample_quality|quality control]] procedures. These transport boxes are then shipped to the Lifelines laboratory, typically arriving between the hours of 10:00–12:00.
-__Using [[Synchron Urine Aliquoting Robot|Synchron Urine Aliquoting Robot]]
+===== Sample Reception =====
-__
-{{:hpim2039.jpg?200 |}}
+Upon arrival at the Lifelines laboratory the urine containers are weighed (which is registered in our laboratory information management system) and subsequently used to fill two sample tubes for further processing:
+  * BD Vacutainer® 6.0 mL Z (No Additive) Plus Urine Tubes, these are sent onwards to the UMCG in a chilled transport box after adding their numbers together.
-Stored at -80°C
+  * BD Vacutainer® 11.0 mL Z (No Additive) Plus Urine Tubes
- {{:20140116_115910.jpg?200 |}}
+===== Sample Processing =====
+Urine samples are divided into 900 μl fractions by the [[https://synchronlab.com/product/xperimate-modular-robotic-pipetting-platform/|Synchron Xperimate robot]], a modular robotic pipetting platform. These aliquots can be identified by a unique 2D barcode printed on the bottom of the tubes, and are held within a 1D barcoded rack ([[https://www.lvl-technologies.com/en/sample-storage/safe-2d-tubes-engl/safe-96-it-2D|LVL technologies Safe® 96 IT]] or equivalent). The exact location of each individual sample is logged and continuously tracked in our LIMS.\\
+===== Sample Storage =====
+Aliquots are kept refrigerated (at 4 degrees celsius) until they can be moved into a [[sample_storage|cryofreezer]] (-80 degrees Celsius), which is typically within 10 hours after sample collection.\\

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