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-====== ADHD (QADH) ======
-ADHD is the name of an [[additional assessments|additional questionnaire]] on prevalence and co-morbidities of [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attention_deficit_hyperactivity_disorder|attention deficit hyperactivity disorder]] among Lifelines participants.
-Implementation of this questionnaire in Lifelines was initiated by the [[https://www.umcg.nl/NL/UMCG/Afdelingen/Universitair_Centrum_Psychiatrie/Paginas/default.aspx|University Center of Psychiatry]] of the UMCG, as part of the EU Horizon-2020 [[https://coca-project.eu|CoCa]] (co-morbid conditions of ADHD) project.\\
-===== Protocol =====
-QADH aimed to measure the rate of ADHD within the Lifelines cohort, as well as potential co-morbidities such as autism spectrum problems, mood disorders, substance abuse, and sleeping problems.
-QADH contained separate but overlapping digital questionnaires that were tailored to three groups of Lifelines participants, plus a group of significant others:
-  - Children 4-12 years old. Parents filled in the complete questionnaire. In this group, the questionnaire also included a [[QDCD|Developmental Coordination Disorder]] questionnaire.
-  - Adolescents 13-17 years old. Adolescents filled in their own questionnaire, except for items on [[ADHD Rating Scale|ADHD]] and [[Social functioning (ASBQ/CSBQ)|autism spectrum problems]] which were filled in by their parents.
-  - Adults of 18+ years old filled in their own questionnaires.
-  - For adult participants, items on [[ADHD Rating Scale|ADHD]] and [[Social functioning (ASBQ/CSBQ)|autism spectrum problems]] were also filled in by a significant other such as a parent, partner, or similar.
-Rationale for the use of parental or other informants: self-insight is limited for neurodevelopmental problems such as ADHD or autism spectrum, and a second informant is required to rate the presence of the symptoms in order to meet the existing publication standards regarding valid diagnostic information.
-===== Timeline =====
-  * Batch 1: march - june 2017 (all age groups)
-  * Batch 2: jan - april 2018 (additional adults and adult informants only)
-  * Batch 3: jan - april 2019 (non-responders of adults and adult informants only)
-===== Response =====
-**Children (4-12)**\\
-~5,700 children (i.e., their parents) were invited for QADH.\\
-The response rate of the parental informants was 33% (n=~1,800).\\
-**Adolescents (13-17)**\\
-~4,200 adolescents and their parents were invited for QADH\\
-The response rate of the adolescents was 15% (n=~600).\\
-The response rate of their parental informants was 19% (n=~800).\\
-**Adults (18+)**\\
-~85,000 adults and informants were invited for QADH\\
-The response rate of the adult participants was 45% (n=~38,500).\\
-The response rate of the informants was 22% (n=18,000).\\
-===== Variables =====
-The QADH questionnaires included several items that were used in other Lifelines assessments as well:
-  * [[Child behaviour (CBCL)]]
-  * [[Youth self report (YSR)]]
-  * [[MINI Neuropsychiatric Interview]], digital self-report version
-  * [[Drug use]]
-  * [[Anthropometry (self-reported)]]
-  * [[Chronotype (MEQ/CCTQ)|Chronotype]]
-  * [[Reward sensitivity]]
-In addition, the QADH questionnaires included the following unique items:
-  * [[ADHD Rating Scale]]
-  * [[Social functioning (ASBQ/CSBQ)]]
-  * [[Anger]]