upf_categorization
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upf_categorization [2022/10/07 15:05] laura |
upf_categorization [2022/11/23 10:57] laura [Variables] |
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| ====== Ultra-processed food categorization according to the NOVA classification ====== | ====== Ultra-processed food categorization according to the NOVA classification ====== | ||
| - | Researchers from the [[https://www.rug.nl/staff/m.duan/|University Medical Center Groningen]] developed the Ultra-processed food (UPF) categorization for adults according to the NOVA classification using the [[ffq_sum_scores|Food Frequency Questionnaire Sum scores from the heart of the FFQ flower (]]1a_questionnaire_2|1A Questionnaire 2]]). ([[sections]]: [[Nutrition]] and [[secondary & linked variables]]).\\ | + | Researchers from the [[https://www.rug.nl/staff/m.duan/|University Medical Center Groningen]] developed the Ultra-processed food (UPF) categorization for adults according to the NOVA classification using the [[ffq_sum_scores|Food Frequency Questionnaire Sum scores]] from the heart of the FFQ flower ([[1a_questionnaire_2|1A Questionnaire 2]]). ([[sections]]: [[Nutrition]] and [[secondary & linked variables]]).\\ |
| The UPF food categorization can be requested in the Lifelines catalogue or by mail (data@lifelines.nl). When this data has been used in your research, you will have to include a reference to the the following paper: | The UPF food categorization can be requested in the Lifelines catalogue or by mail (data@lifelines.nl). When this data has been used in your research, you will have to include a reference to the the following paper: | ||
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| ===== Background information ===== | ===== Background information ===== | ||
| //From the paper of [[https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-021-02200-4|Duan et al. (2022)]]//\\ | //From the paper of [[https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-021-02200-4|Duan et al. (2022)]]//\\ | ||
| - | Research on UPF has been facilitated by the development of the NOVA classification. The NOVA classification is a frequently used method to categorize food and drinks based on the nature, extent, and purpose of food processing. The NOVA classification comprises four categories, ranging from un-processed/minimally processed food to UPF. According to the NOVA classification, UPF is mostly formulated from food substances and industrial ingredients that undergo a series of chemical and physical manufacturing processes. The resulting food products are often pre-packed, contain little or no intact (un-processed) food, and are considered microbiologically safe, convenient, and palatable. | + | Research on UPF has been facilitated by the development of the NOVA classification. The NOVA classification is a frequently used method to categorize food and drinks based on the nature, extent, and purpose of food processing. The NOVA classification comprises four categories, ranging from un-processed/minimally processed food to UPF. According to the NOVA classification, UPF is mostly formulated from food substances and industrial ingredients that undergo a series of chemical and physical manufacturing processes. The resulting food products are often pre-packed, contain little or no intact (un-processed) food, and are considered microbiologically safe, convenient, and palatable.\\ |
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| - **Ultra-processed food:** for example processed meat, soft drinks | - **Ultra-processed food:** for example processed meat, soft drinks | ||
| + | Per category three types of variables have been created: | ||
| + | * **Classification variable:** which adds up the intake of all food items that belong to the specific category | ||
| + | * **Intake (nova) weight ratio variable:** which indicates the weight proportion (% grams) of a specific category in the total diet of a day | ||
| + | * **Intake (nova) energy ratio variable:** which which indicates the energy ratio (grams/1000kcal) of a specific category in the total diet of a day | ||
| + | === Remarks from the UMCG researchers === | ||
| + | - The current categorization doesn't specifically handle the reliability of energy intake (provided in the [[ffq_sum_scores|Food Frequency Questionnaire Sum scores]]). This could be a decision for other researchers using the UPF classification data. To make this easier, the reliability variable from the [[ffq_sum_scores|FFQ sum scores]] has been added as variable. | ||
| + | - According to the NOVA classification, some alcohol products should also be characterized as ultra-processed food. However, we did not do this because alcohol may have separate health effects. Therefore, we analyze alcohol intake always as a separate covariate. This is also practiced by other papers from other cohorts. | ||
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| ===== Variables ===== | ===== Variables ===== | ||
| - | | **Questions English** | **Questions Dutch** | **Code** | **Variable** | **Assessment** | **Age** | | + | | **Questions English** | **Questions Dutch** | **Code** | **Variable** | **Assessment** | **Age** | |
| - | | NOVA classification 1: unprocessed or minimally processed food | NOVA classificatie 1: onbewerkte of minimaal bewerkte voeding | | nova1 | [[1a_questionnaire_2|1A]] | 18+ | | + | | food intake (gram per day) / NOVA classification 1: unprocessed or minimally processed food | voedselinname (gram per dag) / NOVA classificatie 1: onbewerkte of minimaal bewerkte voeding | nova_foodintake_adu_c_1 | nova1 | sec * | 18+ | |
| - | | NOVA classification 2: processed culinary ingredient | NOVA classificatie 2: bewerkt culinair ingrediënt | | nova2 | [[1a_questionnaire_2|1A]] | 18+ | | + | | food intake (gram per day) / NOVA classification 2: processed culinary ingredient | voedselinname (gram per dag) / NOVA classificatie 2: bewerkt culinair ingrediënt | nova_foodintake_adu_c_2 | nova2 | sec * | 18+ | |
| - | | NOVA classification 3: processed food | NOVA classificatie 3: bewerkt voedsel | | nova3 | [[1a_questionnaire_2|1A]] | 18+ | | + | | food intake (gram per day) / NOVA classification 3: processed food | voedselinname (gram per dag) / NOVA classificatie 3: bewerkt voedsel | nova_foodintake_adu_c_3 | nova3 | sec * | 18+ | |
| - | | NOVA classification 4: ultra-processed food | NOVA classificatie 4: ultabewerkt voedsel | | nova4 | [[1a_questionnaire_2|1A]] | 18+ | | + | | food intake (gram per day) / NOVA classification 4: ultra-processed food | voedselinname (gram per dag) / NOVA classificatie 4: ultabewerkt voedsel | nova_foodintake_adu_c_4 | nova4 | sec * | 18+ | |
| - | | NOVA1 Weight Percentage Unprocessed and Minimally Processed Food | NOVA1 gewogen percentage onbewerkte of minimaal bewerkte voeding | | nova1prt | [[1a_questionnaire_2|1A]] | 18+ | | + | | % of the total food intake in gram per day / NOVA classification 1: unprocessed or minimally processed food | % van de totale voedselinname in gram per dag / NOVA classificatie 1: onbewerkte of minimaal bewerkte voeding | nova_weightratio_adu_c_1 | nova1prt | sec * | 18+ | |
| - | | NOVA2 Weight Percentage Processed Culinary Ingredients | NOVA2 gewogen percentage bewerkt culinair ingrediënt | | nova2prt | [[1a_questionnaire_2|1A]] | 18+ | | + | | % of the total food intake in gram per day / NOVA classification 2: processed culinary ingredient | % van de totale voedselinname in gram per dag / NOVA classificatie 2: bewerkt culinair ingrediënt | nova_weightratio_adu_c_2 | nova2prt | sec * | 18+ | |
| - | | NOVA3 Weight Percentage Processed Food | NOVA3 gewogen percentage bewerkt voedsel | | nova3prt | [[1a_questionnaire_2|1A]] | 18+ | | + | | % of the total food intake in gram per day / NOVA classification 3: processed food | % van de totale voedselinname in gram per dag / NOVA classificatie 3: bewerkt voedsel | nova_weightratio_adu_c_3 | nova3prt | sec * | 18+ | |
| - | | NOVA4 Weight Percentage Ultra-processed Food | NOVA4 gewogen percentage ultrabewerkt voedsel | | nova4prt | [[1a_questionnaire_2|1A]] | 18+ | | + | | % of the total food intake in gram per day / NOVA classification 4: ultra-processed food | % van de totale voedselinname in gram per dag / NOVA classificatie 4: ultabewerkt voedsel | nova_weightratio_adu_c_4 | nova4prt | sec * | 18+ | |
| - | | NOVA1 Unprocessed and Minimally Processed Food grams/1000kcal | NOVA1 onbewerkte of minimaal bewerkte voeding gram/1000kcal | | nova1kcal | [[1a_questionnaire_2|1A]] | 18+ | | + | | gram per 1000kcal of the total food intake per day / NOVA classification 1: unprocessed or minimally processed food | gram per 1000kcal of de totale voedsellinname per dag / NOVA classificatie 1: onbewerkte of minimaal bewerkte voeding | nova_energyratio_adu_c_1 | nova1kcal | sec * | 18+ | |
| - | | NOVA2 Processed Culinary Ingredients grams/1000kcal | NOVA2 bewerkt culinair ingrediënt gram/1000kcal | | nova2kcal | [[1a_questionnaire_2|1A]] | 18+ | | + | | gram per 1000kcal of the total food intake per day / NOVA classification 2: processed culinary ingredient | gram per 1000kcal of de totale voedsellinname per dag / NOVA classificatie 2: bewerkt culinair ingrediënt | nova_energyratio_adu_c_2 | nova2kcal | sec * | 18+ | |
| - | | NOVA3 Processed food grams/1000kcal | NOVA3 bewerkt voedsel gram/1000kcal | | nova3kcal | [[1a_questionnaire_2|1A]] | 18+ | | + | | gram per 1000kcal of the total food intake per day / NOVA classification 3: processed food | gram per 1000kcal of de totale voedsellinname per dag / NOVA classificatie 3: bewerkt voedsel | nova_energyratio_adu_c_3 | nova3kcal | sec * | 18+ | |
| - | | NOVA4 Ultra-processed Food grams/1000kcal | NOVA4 ultrabewerkt voedsel gram/1000kcal | | nova4kcal | [[1a_questionnaire_2|1A]] | 18+ | | + | | gram per 1000kcal of the total food intake per day / NOVA classification 4: ultra-processed food | gram per 1000kcal of de totale voedsellinname per dag / NOVA classificatie 4: ultabewerkt voedsel | nova_energyratio_adu_c_4 | nova4kcal | sec * | 18+ | |
| + | | reliability of the ffq heart results that were used to determine the nove scores | betrouwbaarheid van de ffq hart resultaten die zijn gebruikt voor het bepalen van de nova scores | nova_reliabilityffq_adu_c_1 | Betrouwbaarheid__nova | sec * | 18+ | | ||
| + | * The UPF categorization according to the NOVA is included as assessment 'sec' because it is based on the FFQ sum scores. | ||
upf_categorization.txt · Last modified: 2023/02/01 16:21 by flip
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